What are the differences between low-voltage and high-voltage power cable wires?

In the expansive realm of electrical engineering and infrastructure development, the choice between low-voltage and high-voltage power cable wires is a fundamental consideration that significantly influences the design, efficiency, and safety of electrical systems. While both serve as conduits for transmitting electrical power, they diverge in key aspects, ranging from voltage levels and construction to transmission efficiency and safety considerations. 
Voltage Levels:
Low-Voltage Power Cable Wires: Low-voltage cables typically operate within the range of up to 1000 volts (V). These cables are commonly employed in residential, commercial, and industrial applications where moderate levels of electrical energy suffice. Examples include household wiring, data transmission networks, and control systems.
High-Voltage Power Cable Wires: High-voltage cables, on the other hand, are engineered to withstand voltages exceeding 1000 volts. These cables play a pivotal role in transmitting and distributing electricity across vast distances, such as in power grids, substations, and industrial facilities requiring high-capacity electrical power. Construction and Insulation:
Low-Voltage Power Cable Wires: Low-voltage cables typically feature simpler construction and insulation compared to their high-voltage counterparts. They may consist of fewer layers of insulation and shielding materials, rendering them more lightweight and flexible. Common insulation materials include PVC, XLPE, and rubber.
High-Voltage Power Cable Wires: High-voltage cables are characterized by robust insulation systems capable of withstanding the elevated electrical stresses associated with higher voltages. These cables often incorporate multiple layers of insulation, shielding, and protective jackets to ensure safety and reliability. Insulation materials include XLPE, EPR, and paper-impregnated compounds.
Transmission Efficiency and Losses:
Low-Voltage Power Cable Wires: Due to the lower voltages involved, low-voltage cables may experience higher resistive losses when transmitting power over long distances. Consequently, larger conductor sizes may be required to minimize voltage drop and maintain transmission efficiency, especially in applications where power loss is critical.
High-Voltage Power Cable Wires: High-voltage cables offer superior transmission efficiency over long distances due to reduced resistive losses. Operating at higher voltages allows for the use of smaller conductor sizes, resulting in cost savings and improved system performance.
Safety Considerations:
Low-Voltage Power Cable Wires: While Low-voltage cables systems pose lower electrical hazards compared to high-voltage systems, proper installation, maintenance, and safety precautions are still necessary to prevent electric shock and fire hazards. Adherence to electrical codes and standards is crucial for ensuring the safety of personnel and property.
High-Voltage Power Cable Wires: High-voltage systems present heightened electrical safety risks due to the higher voltages involved. Specialized training, equipment, and safety protocols are essential for working with high-voltage cables to mitigate the risks of electric shock, arc flash, and insulation failure. Strict adherence to safety regulations is paramount to safeguard personnel and infrastructure.